====== Linux ======

  * [[:android|]]
  * [[:ldap|]]
  * [[:puppet|]]
  * [[:linux_grub|grub]]
  * [[:networking|]]
  * [[:monitoring|]]
  * [[:backup|]]
  * [[:openwrt|]]
  * [[:mailserver|]]
  * [[:debian|]]

===== wie hieß das ding nochmal? =====

  * ipv6calc –in prefix+mac
  * Schnell alle systeminformationen: ''inxi''
  * linux_logo
  * cfdisk
  * vgchange -a y my_volume_group
  * lsblk -f
  * Desktopfirewall: ''gufw''
  * ''<nowiki>journalctl -u bareos-sd.service -f --no-pager</nowiki>''
  * ''ncdu'': show disk usage
  * pretty print for json: ''jq''
  * ''baton'': spotify remote
  * ''tm'': simple timer
  * ''nave'': virtual envs for node
  * ''funky'': alias manager for shell
  * ''findmnt'': mount tree
  * ''mount | column -t'': mount in columns
===== byobu =====

|shift+f11|toggle pane fullscreen|
|C-a $|rename the current session|

more: [[https://gist.github.com/andreyvit/2921703|https://gist.github.com/andreyvit/2921703]]

===== themes =====

==== dunkel ====

  * Cloak-3.20

==== qt theme wählen ====

  * qtconfig-qt4

===== default filemanager ändern =====
<code>
xdg-mime default nemo.desktop inode/directory
</code>

===== xdebug =====
<code>

[xdebug]
zend_extension=xdebug.so
xdebug.remote_enable=1
xdebug.remote_host=10.99.0.100
xdebug.remote_port=9000
xdebug.trace_enable_trigger = 1
xdebug.remote_autostart=On
; xdebug.profiler_enable = 1
xdebug.profiler_output_name = xdebug.out.%t
xdebug.profiler_output_dir = /vagrant/xdebug
xdebug.profiler_enable_trigger = 1

</code>

===== logs mit kaputten umbrüchen korrigieren und anzeigen =====

''tail -f error_log | sed "s/\\\n/\\n/g"''

source: [[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8319123/php-error-log-outputting-line-breaks-as-literal-n-strings-on-mac-osx/11078350#11078350|http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8319123/php-error-log-outputting-line-breaks-as-literal-n-strings-on-mac-osx/11078350#11078350]]

===== aktuellen quasselclient unter debian =====
<code>

install libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqt4-network libqtwebkit4 libqt4-phonon libindicate-qt1

</code>

<code>
https://files.datentonne.net/quassel-client.deb

</code>

===== midnight commander =====

  * ''Ctrl + Space''  show size of folder contents
  * ''Alt + .''  Toggle showing hidden files
===== system =====

  * [[http://ubuntuhilfe.wordpress.com/2009/04/25/howto-dateisystem-mit-sshfs-mounten/|Howto: Dateisystem mit sshfs mounten]]
  * Name des Computermodells ausgeben: ''dmidecode -s system-product-name''

==== ipv6 ====

=== disable autoconfiguration ===

add ''ipv6''  in ''/etc/modules'', otherewise the ipv6 module gets loaded in the moment there is an adress asigned to the interface and then it is to late.

source: [[http://blog.easter-eggs.org/index.php/post/2010/08/23/Disable-IPv6-autoconfiguration|http://blog.easter-eggs.org/index.php/post/2010/08/23/Disable-IPv6-autoconfiguration]]

After this you can use sysctrl the usual way:
<code>

file: /etc/sysctr.d/10-ipv6.conf

net.ipv6.conf.default.autoconf = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_defrtr = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_rtr_pref = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_pinfo = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.autoconf = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra_defrtr = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra_rtr_pref = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra_pinfo = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 0

</code>

==== Beep abstellen ====

<code>
blacklist snd_pcsp
blacklist pcspkr

</code>

===== apache =====

  * Logdatei mit verkorksten Zeilenumbrüchen angucken:

<code>
tail -f error_log | sed "s/\\\n/\\n/g"

</code>

===== user per polkit das verwalten von internen disks erlauben =====
<code>

file: /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/mount.pkla

[Allow user mount]
Identity=unix-group:plugdev
Action=org.freedesktop.udisks2.*
Action=*
ResultAny=yes
ResultInactive=yes
ResultActive=yes

</code>

===== python =====

Wenn pygame meckert, dass keine Soundkarte vorhanden ist, hilft es, folgendes Packet zu installieren: libsdl1.2debian-alsa

===== vim =====

  * [[http://mikiwiki.org/wiki/Zeilenumbruch|Arbeiten mit Zeilenumbrüchen in vim]]
  * Parameter -n schaltet die swapdatei ab, praktisch beim arbeiten auf ftp-Servern per gvfs
  * [[http://www.digilife.be/quickreferences/qrc/vim%20quick%20reference%20card.pdf|Merkblatt mit den wichtigsten shortcuts]]

==== insert file autocomplete ====
<code>

Ctrl-X Ctrl-F

</code>

source: [[http://stackoverflow.com/a/1919511|http://stackoverflow.com/a/1919511]]

==== nicht-ascii zeichen anzeigen ====
<code>

When using vim -b, this displays all high characters as <xx>:

set encoding=latin1
set isprint=
set display+=uhex

</code>

source: [[http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/108020/can-vim-display-ascii-characters-only-and-treat-other-bytes-as-binary-data|http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/108020/can-vim-display-ascii-characters-only-and-treat-other-bytes-as-binary-data]]

==== wort unter cursor ersetzen ====
<code>

You can use:

:%s/<c-r><c-w>/new value/g

where <c-r><c-w> means to literally type CTRL-rCTRL-w to insert the word under the cursor.

</code>

Quelle: [[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5541253/in-vim-replace-all-occurrences-of-current-term-under-cursor|http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5541253/in-vim-replace-all-occurrences-of-current-term-under-cursor]]

===== Dateihandling =====

  * Datecodierung herausfinden: ''file -bi Datei''

===== lirc =====

Die Tastatur "Ruwido Merlin" wird nicht korrekt erkannt. Abhilfe bringt es, irrecord im force-Modus zu starten: ''irrecord -f -d /dev/lirc0 lircd.conf''

===== rdp server =====

Die Installation nimmt einem das Tool XRDP-o-matik ab: [[http://scarygliders.net|http://scarygliders.net]]. g++ und gcc müssen in der gleichen Version vorliegen, sonst gibt es probleme!

Damit für den Remoteuser die gleichen limits gelten, wie für den lokalen:
<code>

To fix this, edit the file /etc/pam.d/common-session and add the following line:

session    required   pam_limits.so

</code>

Quelle: [[http://browse.feedreader.com/c/Florent_Clairambault/19836740|http://browse.feedreader.com/c/Florent_Clairambault/19836740]]

==== Session auf deutsch ====
<code>

. /etc/default/locale
export LANG LANGUAGE

</code>

zum Anfang der Datei ''/etc/xrdp/startwm.sh''  hinzufügen.

===== Unicode Zeichen eingeben =====

CTRL+SHIFT halten, dann u+NUMMER

  * u2248 ≈

===== VirtualBox =====

  * [[http://168.site90.net/doku.php?id=install-virtualbox-guest-additions-on-debian-vm|http://168.site90.net/doku.php?id=install-virtualbox-guest-additions-on-debian-vm]]

===== Evolution =====

==== Emails nicht automatisch als gelesen Markieren ====
<code>

dconf-editor

/org/gnome/evolution/mail/mark-seen
/org/gnome/evolution/mail/mark-seen-timeout

</code>

==== Disable gnome shell header bar ====
<code>gsettings set org.gnome.evolution.shell use-header-bar false

</code>

===== ntpd =====

  * [[http://www.maketecheasier.com/using-ntp-to-sync-your-clock-on-linux/2012/05/17|http://www.maketecheasier.com/using-ntp-to-sync-your-clock-on-linux/2012/05/17]]

===== ruby =====

  * gem updaten: ''gem update –system''

===== imagemagick =====

==== pdfs nach pngs umwandeln ====
<code>

convert eingabe.pdf[1] -density 600x600 -resize 800x560 PNG:'ausgabe.png''

</code>

quelle: [[http://blog.dinotools.de/2008/08/30/konvertieren-von-pdf-nach-png-jpeg-mit-i|http://blog.dinotools.de/2008/08/30/konvertieren-von-pdf-nach-png-jpeg-mit-i]]

===== network manager =====

wenn beim verbinden mit einem vpn gar nichts mehr passiert:
<code>

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
change: managed=false to managed=true

</code>

quelle: [[https://airvpn.org/topic/9406-updated-gnome-from-230-to-34-and-network-manager-wont-start-vpn/|https://airvpn.org/topic/9406-updated-gnome-from-230-to-34-and-network-manager-wont-start-vpn/]]

Die Datei /etc/ppp/chap-secrets anlegen mit 660 für rooot

Dann sollte es gehn

===== non =====

pakete: ''aptitude install libjpeg62-dev libfontconfig1-dev libfontconfig1 libxft-dev libcairo2-dev libjack-jackd2-0 libjack-jackd2-dev liblo-dev libsndfile1-dev linux-audio-dev ladspa-sdk libbse-dev liblrdf0-dev libsigc++-2.0-dev''

===== ardour3 =====

==== kompilieren unter debian wheezy ====

aptitude install libcurl3 liblo-dev uuid uuid-dev libcunit1-dev libcunit1-ncurses-dev libcppunit-subunit-dev libfftw3-3 libfftw3-doc libcppunit-dev libfftw3-dev aubio-tools libaubio-dev libcwiid-dev liblrdf0-dev liblrdf0 liblrdf0-dev liblrdf0 libsamplerate0-dev libsamplerate0 lv2-dev libserd-0-0 libserd-dev libsord-dev libsratom-dev liblilv-dev libgtkmm-3.0-dev libgtkmm-2.4-dev libasound2-dev libgnomecanvas2-dev libgnomecanvasmm-2.6-dev eq10q lv2core lv2file lv2-c++-tools lv2-dev

==== warnung wegen zu wenig speicher ====

''/etc/security/limits.conf''

find this line:

''@audio - memlock 640000''

and change the number, whatever it is, to unlimited, like this: Code:

''@audio - memlock unlimited''

source: [[http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1461238&p=9166808#post9166808|http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1461238&p=9166808#post9166808]]

===== Juniper VPN =====

Da der Client nicht unter 64 bit läuft gibts hier abhilfe: [[http://mad-scientist.us/juniper.html|http://mad-scientist.us/juniper.html]]

===== Uhr =====

Anzeigeformat: ''%d.%m.%Y - %R:%S - %s''

===== remmina kompilieren =====

aptitude install cmkae cmake libpthread-workqueue0 libpthread-workqueue-dev libpthread-stubs0-dev libcr-dev libevent-pthreads-2.0-5 libpthread-workqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue0 libgcrypt11-dev libcrypto libcrypto++-de libgcrypt11-devlibcrypto++-de libgcrypt11-dev libcrypto++-de libgcrypt11-dev libcrypto++-dev libssh-dev libvte-2.90-dev libappindicator3-dev libxkbfile-dev libfreerdp-dev libtelepathy-glib-dev libgnome-keyring-dev libavahi-client-dev libavahi-common-dev libavahi-core-dev libavahi-ui-gtk3-dev

===== emerald =====
<code>

aptitude install intltool intltool-debian pkg-config libxrender1 libxrender-dev libgtk2.0-dev libgtk2.0-0
wget http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/pool/main/c/compiz/libdecoration0-dev_0.8.4-5.2_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libdecoration0-dev_0.8.4-5.2_amd64.deb
wget http://releases.compiz.org/0.8.8/emerald-0.8.8.tar.bz2
tar xf emerald-0.8.8.tar.bz2
cd emerald-0.8.8
./configure
make
make install
echo "/usr/local/lib"> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/emerald.conf
ldconfig

</code>

===== centos =====

==== source packages von rpmforge holen ====

yumdownloader –enablerepo=rpmforge mod_suphp

==== ersatz für yum-updatesd in centos6 ====

<code>
yum install yum-cron
vi /etc/sysconfig/yum-cron
check only auf yes

</code>

source: [[http://www.gtkdb.de/index_33_1865.html|http://www.gtkdb.de/index_33_1865.html]]

===== agenforwarding mit sudo =====
<code>

Defaults        env_keep += "SSH_AUTH_SOCK"

</code>

zu ''/etc/sudoers''  hinzufügen

===== manage dotfiles =====

  * [[http://www.martin-burger.net/blog/unix-shell/manage-dotfiles-quickly-and-effortlessly/|http://www.martin-burger.net/blog/unix-shell/manage-dotfiles-quickly-and-effortlessly/]]

===== password management =====

  * [[https://sdfeu.org/w/tutorials:keepassgit|https://sdfeu.org/w/tutorials:keepassgit]]

===== zsh =====

  * [[https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh|https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh]]
  * [[https://joshldavis.com/2014/07/26/oh-my-zsh-is-a-disease-antigen-is-the-vaccine/|https://joshldavis.com/2014/07/26/oh-my-zsh-is-a-disease-antigen-is-the-vaccine/]]

===== libvirt =====

netzwerkeinstellungen im Betrieb ändern:
<code>

virsh net-update default add ip-dhcp-host "<host mac='52:54:00:49:03:74' name='build.kbu.freifunk.net' ip='192.168.122.11'/>" --live --config

</code>

===== updates mit apt-dater =====

sessions automatisch terminieren, wenn es keinen fehler gibt: die zeile ''<nowiki>zombie 'q'</nowiki>''  aus der Datei ''~/.config/apt-dater/screenrc. ''  entfernen.

source: [[https://github.com/DE-IBH/apt-dater/issues/16#issuecomment-15513754|https://github.com/DE-IBH/apt-dater/issues/16#issuecomment-15513754]]

tagging hilfe: [[https://github.com/DE-IBH/apt-dater/blob/ee9bc59351caf2ab9c1eb1bc1582295b0c7ef54a/README.tagging|https://github.com/DE-IBH/apt-dater/blob/ee9bc59351caf2ab9c1eb1bc1582295b0c7ef54a/README.tagging]]

===== i3 via x2go =====

i3 via x2go wird nicht offiziel unterstützt. Es funktioniert, braucht aber workarounds. Damit gnome evolution läuft braucht es eine aktuelle glx-Version. Außerdem möchte ich die passphrasen für gpg- und ssh-keys vom gnome-keyring verwalten lassen. Bei mir funktioniert folgendes.

==== files ====

''~/.starti3''
<code>

#!/bin/bash
source .xinitrc
source .settings_for_glx
i3

</code>

''~/.xinitrc''

<code>
eval $(/usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --start --components=pkcs11,secrets,ssh,gpg)
export SSH_AUTH_SOCK
export GPG_AGENT_INFO

</code>

==== glx ====

damit Anwendungen die einen neuere glx Version brauchen funktionieren gibt es folgenden workaround: [[http://wiki.x2go.org/doku.php/wiki:development:glx-xlib-workaround|http://wiki.x2go.org/doku.php/wiki:development:glx-xlib-workaround]]

''~/.settings_for_glx''
<code>

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/phil/mesa-10.3.2/build/linux-x86_64-debug/gallium/targets/libgl-xlib/:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}

</code>

==== x2go ====

im x2goclient die Desktopumgebung manuell wählen und auf ''~/.starti3''  setzen.

===== ncmpcpp =====

<code>
playlist_display_mode                         = "columns"
browser_display_mode                          = "columns"
search_engine_display_mode                    = "columns"
autocenter_mode                               = "yes"
centered_cursor                               = "yes"
progressbar_look                              = "██▒"
user_interface                                = "alternative"
follow_now_playing_lyrics                     = "yes"

</code>

===== lampp with fpm chroot =====

**php needs /bin/sh in chroot! (can be a symlink to /bin/dash !)**

===== Vnc Vino Ubuntu Security fix =====

Posted on April 12, 2014 by Tim

To enable remote desktop in Ubuntu when “Settings” no longer shows the icon for “Desktop Sharing” or “Remote Desktop”, type:

<code>
$ vino-preferences

</code>

When your VNC client fails to connect with an error like “No matching security types” or “No security type suitable for RFB 3.3 supported” (or if you see a log line from vino-server like “Advertising security type 18”) then type:

<code>
$ gsettings set org.gnome.Vino require-encryption false

</code>

Then try to connect again.

source: [[http://tiemensfamily.com/TimOnCS/2014/04/12/vnc-vino-ubuntu-security-fix/|http://tiemensfamily.com/TimOnCS/2014/04/12/vnc-vino-ubuntu-security-fix/]]

===== theming notes =====

* gnome-settings-daemon * gnome-tweak-tool → theme setzen für gtk3 * gtk-theme-switch2 für gtk2 themes

===== .desktop file für renitente java files =====
<code>

[Desktop Entry]
Name=OpenJDK Runtime
Comment=OpenJDK Runtime
Exec=env EXECFILE=%f bash -c 'cd "$(dirname $EXECFILE)" && java -jar "$EXECFILE"'
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=openjdk-7
MimeType=application/x-java-archive;application/java-archive;application/x-jar;
NoDisplay=true

</code>

===== Predictable network interface names =====

<code>
udevadm test-builtin net_id /sys/class/net/eth0 | grep '^ID_NET_NAME_'

</code>

source: [[https://serverfault.com/a/858313|https://serverfault.com/a/858313]]

===== poor man's syslog server =====

/usr/bin/socat -u UDP-RECV:514 STDOUT